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FORM NO. 609; 6,12.33: 575M.
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
How TO Fold Napkins.
With Many Handsome Styles and Diagrams Whidi Sliov/ Bii/ir it'is Done.
Jessup Whitehead,
PUBLISHER HOTEL COOK BOOKS, 1S3 ITOJRTII I=:E03S,I^A. STE/EET.
1888.
• ■ ■ Printers, • • • u i 183—187 N. PecD-iii St.;phica^d,:iU."'.
^
CONTENTS.
FAGK.
Introduction 5
The Escutcheon -_ 7
The Chestnut Pocket 8
The Shield 8
the Mitre 8
The Cornucopia 9
The Crown _ 9
The Scroll .._ _. 10
The Slippers _.. 11
The Cocked Hat, or Boat _. 11
Another Boat __ 12
The Hamburgh Drum 13
The Heraldic Rose and Star _ 14
The Minarettes 14
The Shell 15
The Fan _ 15
The Rosette Fan 16
The Victoria Regia 16
The Swan _ _ 16
Lorgnettes 17
The Pyramid 17
The Fleur-de-Lys 18
The Archbishop's, or Double Mitre _ 18
The Bread Basket... __. 19
The Flower Basket _._ ._ 20
The Imperial Crown 20
The Double Horn of Plenty 21
The Colonne de Triomphe _— 21
The Tulip _._ 22
The Bridal Serviette... _ 23
The Prince of Wales's Feather 24
(3)
INTRODUCTION.
The folding of the serviette may often be made complimentary to the guest. Not only does "the Bridal" point out its special application ; but "the Crown," "the Prince of Wales's Feather," and "the Mitre." "The Boat" is appropriate when a naval chief is the honored guest; "the Colonne de Triomphe," for the entertainment of a hero fresh from anew victory; "the Victoria Regia" for a distinguished botanist, and "the Fan" for a reigning be-lle, so may "the Cocked Hat" be made available when a military hero is entertained, and "the Heraldic Rose " for a guest whose hobby is with things that appertain to the board.
In the days of our forefathers the quantity and quality of the viands were thought of more consideration than the appointments of the table. Provided the hospitable board groaned beneath the combined weight of substantial food and a silver service, the banquet was pronounced magnificent. Now we have changed all that. The contents of the dishes have become secondary in importance to the decorations. The eve must be feasted as well as the palate. Heavy silver ornaments have given place, or at least are associated with, vases of crystal and abundance of flowers, Avith scent fountains and the choice fruit selected for des- sert. The folding of the serviette, or table napkin, was always a matter of atten. tion ; at the present moment it is doubly so, when the luxury of table decorations are carried to such an extent that ingenuity is constantly on the strain, not only to produce every possible variety of cartes de meyitt, but even fanciful stands to hold them or the guests' name-cards in a prominent position. The parlor maid or the waiter, or the dainty mistress of the house herself, must look to their laurels in the matter of folding serviettes, or the other showy trifles placed on the board will cast the attractions of the table napkin completely- into the shade. To fold them well in the more elaborate styles, it is necessary that thev should be made of very fine, but rather stout damask, starched more or less, quite fresh and nearly new. Old damask, that is soft, will not take the more elaborate forms. Each serviette, previous to folding it, should be laid on the ironing-board damped with (raw) starch, smoothed with a hot iron, and immediately folded Avhilst crisp and steaming. It not only folds better, but preserves the form longer bv such means; and unless this is attended to designs like "the Fan," "the Victoria Regia," "the Bridal," and "the Colonne de Triomphe," could not effectually be made. "The Boat" and "the Basket" also require very stiff serviettes. The serviettes must be exactly square, and pains taken to make the sides perfectly even and true.
(5)
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
FOLDING SERVIETTES.
THE ESCUTCHEON.
/4\
cf^^''^-
F
^'^' Fig. 2.
This is one of the easiest methods possible of ornamentally folding a serviette, and we recommend a novice to commence with it. Indeed, we have arranged the folding as progressively as possible. Although it will sit more crisp and fresh in appearance if made with a fine new well starched material, the Escutcheon can be made very well with old or even crumpled damask, though, of course, servi- ettes should always be scrupulously clean and smooth. First, fold the serviette in half lengthwise; and then fold it in half again lengthwise, keeping the edges to the lower end, which comes where in the diagram A A and B B are marked (see fig. i). It is necessary to be always very precise in making the folds, bringing the edges and corners exactly to meet, a rule which applies to all the designs; but without strict attention to which, the more elaborate patterns cannot be represented.
Now turn over each end of the serviette (which you have already folded in four), in the manner shown in fig. i, creasing it quite flat. Then take one of the ends and roll it up in the manner shown in fig. 2, from C to D. Take the other end, E, and roll it in the same way. It is Eig»4*
to be observed that these rolls are brought exactly to meet (not to overlap) the triangle formed at the top. It is, however, Eig, 3, necessary to remark that the napkin is to be rolled in the
reverse way from that apparent in the illustration; that is, to be rolled urider and not over^ a difference which must not be neglected. Keep the rolls one in each hand, and with a twist of the wrist bring over the roll C, to the point F (causing the fold marked hy the dotted line), and with a twist of the other wrist bring the roll up to the same point to match it. Then lay it flat on the table, the rolls underneath (see fig. 3), and keeping them down with the hand, raise the other part and shape it as shown in fig. 4, and slip the dinner roll in the hollow at the back.
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
THE CHESTNUT POCKET.
Fig. 1.
Fold the serviette in half both ways, and open it again. Bring all the corners to the centre. Turn it over and again bring all the corners to the centre. Turn it back again and slip the chestnuts in the four pockets to be observed in fig. i.
Fig. 2, the Pocket Serviette, is made in the same way; but the corners are •brought three times, instead of twice, to the centre, turning it each time (see fig. 2).
THE SHIELD.
ITg.S*
Tig. 8.
The Shield is almost identical with the Escutheon ; there is, however, a slight difference, which forms a little variety and practice in the art of napkin-folding.
First form fig. i, as for the Escutcheon. Next roll up the two ends in the manner shown in fig. 2; that is, make the rolls out- wardly, not under as in the previous direction. The serviette will now resemble fig. 3. Then set it into form, and place rr^.4, the bread inside. The face of it will stand perfectly upright
and resemble figure 4.
THE MITRE.
The Mitre is a well-known device, and one which always looks effective It is not unlike the Crown. Fold the damask in half, and turn down the two corners to meet at both ends, in the manner shown in fig. i, taking care to let them meet very exactly and not overlap. Fold it in half at the line A to B, fig- I, to ascertain the centre. Open this last fold again and bring the two points to the centre like fig. 2. Fold these together at the dotted line with the points oui-
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
side^ let down one of these corners again, and turn in the two points A and B also, to make a triangle uniform with the others: it will now resemble fig. 3. Turn the
Fig. 3.
Fig. 1.
Bg.2.
serviette over; let down the point on that side: it will then resemble fig. 4- Turn in the corners A and B, by the line marked. Turn up the point D to its former
Hg.6.
position: it will now resemble fig. 5. Slip the hand inside the holloa at the broad end, and shape it like a cap, and the Mitre is complete.
THE CORNUCOPIA.
to be founc
B
Cornucopias are easily folded, and very effective down a long dinner table, with a single scarlet geranium flower at the apex of each. Halve the serviette lengthways; turn doAvn the cor- ners at the two ends to meet in the centre and form a triangle, like fig. 4, in the Crown.
Fig. 1
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
„ 4> iri Take the corners at the base and bring them to the apex, like fig. I. Then double it together with folds inside: it will now appear like fig. 2. At the side marked A, there are three folds. Set it upright over the dinner roll, with two of these folds one side and one on the other. Shape it nicely, keeping the space from B to C close.
THE CROWN.
This is a handsome design, and is one which requires very well starched damask. The bread is placed inside, underneath the crown. Now that flowers are so much used, nothing covdd have a more charming effect than a slight wreath of flowers round the base of it, at the part marked A to B, in fig. i. Fig. 2 repre- sents the serviette laid on the table. Fold it exactly in half from A to B, open
10
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
and fold the reverse way, from C to D. Open it again. These creases are merely made to ascertain the true centre. Ac it lies, turn all the points to the centre,
c A
. ^1—
V ^
Fig.l. %.2. rig, 3.
and crease down in the manner observed in fig. 3, which forms a diamond. Take
the four corners of the diamond ana icld them to the centre again. The serviette
will still preserve the shape shown in
diagram fig. 5, Dut be smaller in size.
Bring the top, A, to the right hand, B,
and the left hand, B, to the other. A; it
will now resemble fig. 4. Fold down the
corners, E F ana G i4, parallel to the line
I J ; it will now resemble fig. 5. Put the
hand inside it at uie broad end, and shape it like a cap, over the hand, folding one end into the other as shown at C, in fig. 5. The stiffness of the damask should be sufficient to keep these last folds in place ; the corner fold should just be turned one corner within the other as an envelope, and pinched, to secure its remaining firm.
THE SCROLL.
The Scroll is simple to fold. It is represented com- plete (fig. 3). The bread is under the centre, on which the name card may be laid. It does not require to be First fold the serviette four times It-n path- ways. Fold down one end in the manner shown at A, in fig. 2. Then fold the end A completely across, forming the line, B B. Roll up the end A, and produce the fig. 3. Treat the other side in the same way. Fig. 3 illustrates the process. The space in the middle, A, fig. i, is closed over the bread.
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
11
THE SLIPPERS.
Fig. 1. FUL2.
The Slippers are very easy to make. Double the serviette four times length- ways. Then fold like fig. i. The ends are simply rolled, taking the corners in the method shown in fig. 2 ; bring- ing them over as shown in fig. 3,
and with another turn forming the Slip- pers (fig. 4). Secure the point at A, with the left hand, whilst rolling up the other side; and then hold both points together Fi?. 4. with the left hand and place the right in
the top of the Slippers, setting them over the dinner roll, which should be placed underneath at B, fig. 4; and the Slippers pinched close together at the top over it. A few flowers in the hollows of the folds is a pretty addition.
THE COCKED HAT, OR BOAT.
T}g,li,
Fold a serviette in half lengthways (see fig. i), then in half again (fig. 2). Fold it lengthways again, with the edges inside, in the way shown in fig. 3. Fold it in half lengthways at the dotted line with the edges outside. Turn down the corners in the manner explained by fig. 4, both sides alike; it now resembles fig. 5. Turn in the superfluous end C, shown in fig. 4, inside the hat: this makes it resemble fig. 6. Shape it with the hand and slip it over the dinner bread. If the edges are left outside in folding (fig. 3), when finished, a space will be offered at the top wherein a few flowers may be
12
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
placed. A Boat may also be folded by this diagram bj reversing its position on the plate. A still better way to make the Boat is to double a serviette in half lengthways, and again the reverse way. Fold the two edges to the centre: this makes an oblong. Turn it over on the other side. Turn two of the corners to
ji/mm/m///mL
Fijr. 3.
Fig. 5.
meet in the centre; must not be opposite corners, but both at the right end. Turn the two left end corners half to the middle. Iron down. Then fold the whole in half lengthways, having the corners inside. This completes the Boat. Put the bread underneath.
ANOTHER BOAT.
The Boat is exceedingly pretty, especially if freighted with a few flowers. The serviette should be well starched to sit firm and sharp, and must be an exact square. First fold it in half like a shawl. Next take the corner A (fig. i), and bring it to C. Turn over the serviette on the other side. Take the corner B, and bring it to C in the same way, but on the other side: this forms fig. 2. Fold
fig. 2 in half by the line in the centre, bringing D to E, and forming fig. 3. Fold the point F to H. Turn over the serviette and fold G to H, on the other side: this produces fig. 4. Fold the half of the end J to K, producing fig. 5. Fold L to K, on the other side. These folds must be so made as to leave the upper part of the serviette, which will now again open and look like fig. 3, from F to G.
FrG..4. F,R.5, nG.& Pig. 7.
Slip the hand inside here, round it open a little, and so bring F to meet G, mak- ing it flat the reverse way : this is represented by fig. 6. Turn down the whole point M to N, on the thinnest side, like fig. 7. Slip in the thumbs at the opening atO in fig. 7, and holding the last fold firmly down; dexterously turning the Boat inside out: the inside fold resembles a capital A. Pinch the sides of the A the
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
13
other way, making it an A again ; and clraAving out the Boat lengthways. Shape it a little with the hand. The bread may be slipped under the centre, A, or cabin of the Boat, provided it is not too large. A pretty addition to this would be to attach the carte de menu, by the means of a Chinese ribbon, to a chip, spill, or slender stick, and fix it in the Boat as a sail. The name card may also be attached to resemble an additonal sail.
THE HAMBURG DRUM.
The first three folds are made like those of the Mitre; namely, fold the serviette in half lengthways. Turn down the corners like fig. i, fold it in half across the centre, inwards, from A to B, keeping the corners inside. It will now
PJG.2- FIG.3. PIG^.
resemble fig. 2. Fold it again from C to D, into the shape of fig. 3. Let down the point E ; turn down the corners F and G, to make a triangle uniform with the others: thus you have fig. 4; Let down the corner H, as shown in fig. 5: this
corner must be the one that has the selvage on the lower corner. Make the fold by the dotted line in fig. 5: this produces fig. 6. Take the upper fold at A and B in the same diagram, open it back and crease it down to resemble fig. 7; turn the
14
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
napkin over. You now have fig. 8. Fold over the edges C and D to E, to match the folds on the other side. Turn up the napkin again; turn up the point C, and bring the corners, E and F, together likewise. Slip the hand into the hollow at the base, as ^ou did for the Mitre; and place over the bread.
THE HERALDIC ROSE AND STAR,
FiOL
RG.2.
FIG.3.
Spread a serviette, full s-ize, flat on the table. It must be a perfect square, exact at the corners. Bring the four corners exactly to the centre, in the way described in fig. i. Take the corners A and B, and without turning the serviette, again bring them to the centre, as shown in fig. 2. Bring C and D likewise to the centre: this forms fig. 3. Take one corner and turn it tmdcr (not over as before) by the dotted line e to/; turn under the other three the same way. Then again bring all the four corners to the centre, on the upper side, as in fig. 2.
FIG.4-.
FIG.5.
Afterwards repeat turning all the corners under, as in fig. 3. Then once more repeat fig. 2, and bring the remaining corners to the centre, uppermost. Press the folds firmly down. Then, one at a time^ turn the corners half back^ shaping them like little pockets, by slipping the fingers in at C (A to B, fig. 4), and forming the corners out square. This makes the Rose. Or by turning it down in the same way, without squaring out the c6rners, the Star, fig. 5, is made. Open up the eight petals, to be found in the centre, and fit in the dinner roll.
THE MINARETTES.
The Minarettes is a design expressly originated for the present work. It requires to be well stiffened. Fold tjie napkin in half. Turn down the corners as in fig. I of the Mitre. Fold in half and turn in the corners till you have an exact triangle as in the Mitre (see fig. i). Then let down the outer side of the triangle. Fold the corners at both sides by the dotted lines, A and B (fig. i).
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
15
Take the outer pieces, C and D, and fold back so as to have two points alike. Fold the lower end to match; halve it, and you will now have iig. 2. Fold up at
A M ^
FJG.1. '^Bg'- 3.
the dotted line. Pass the fold inside like fig. 3. 4, and place the Minarettes over the roll.
Kg. 4.
Bend over the corners like fig.
THE SHELL.
Tig^l.
The Shell requires a very stiff serviette. Fold the two edges together in the centre, lengthways,
flS.2-
B2»3.
ing the up the
as shown in fig. i. Fold in half down the centre, also lengthways, leav
edges outside. Then crimp evenly in the manner shown in fig. 2. Open
top end, and turn down the edges each way, as they
appear in fig. 3. Keep the lower ends together like a
fan. If well done, it can be balanced on the plate by the ends, in the man- ner illustrated by fig. 4.
^P^^i^ THE FAN.
The fan is made I^«» precisely like the . Pig^- 6.
Shell, only the edges are not turned down; but in folding, at first, are kept inside. The fan is placed in a glass, in the way shown in fig. 5.
It is, also, sometimes folded again before crimping three parts up. This forms a double Fan, and the lower one should be pulled out a little by the fingers.
16 APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
THE ROSETTE FAN.
The Rosette Fan is very handsome and uncommon, but difficult to make, requiring very nice manipulation. First fold the serviette in half, lengthways, the edges downward. As it lays on the table, make it into three equal folds, lengthways. Then take the upper fold between the finger and thumb, length- ways, and the lower fold between the second and third fingers of each hand. Bring the lower fold up to within an inch and a half of the fold left, and the one between the finger and thumb to within an inch and a half of that. The hemmed edges ought to be an inch and a half below the last of the three plaits you have now formed. Press them well down. Crimp as for the Rosette. Hold what would be the handle of the Fan well in the left hand, and keep it all close together. Insert right through the upper fold or plait the handle of a silver fork, the fiat way, and when right through, turn it, rounding out the plait like a bullionne on a lady's dress. Treat the other two plaits in the same way. Then put the handle end firmly in a glass and let the top spread out. The effect is excellent.
THE VICTORIA REGIA.
This spirited design is difficult to accomplish, and requires be very stiff indeed. Fold the serviette in half twice.
Fig. 1. T-^ig- 2. Fig. 3.
lengthways, keeping the hems to the edge. Then plait it as the Shell was plaited, in the way shown in fig. i. The number of petals will depend on the number of folds, which should be twice as many as were made for the Shell, the width being onlv half as much. Keep the folds as close together as possible, and begin form- ing'the petals by drawing back the first hem, as the edge of the Shell was done. Proceed to turn down the next fold and make another round of petals to meet the first ones, and finish by making the last hem fold in the same way (fig. 2). Set it round by bringing the two edges of the serviette together. It is not at all easy to set the petals well. The bread is not to be placed in or under it; but a single flower, such as a rose, may very properly be slipped into the heart. Fig. 3 represents the Victoria Regia, which should be placed in the centre of the plate.
THE SWAN.
The Swan is a very simple fold, yet one requiring some knack to produce. The servi- ette should be very stiff. Form a triangle by folding it in half. Hold the point. A, between the teeth; take C and B in each hand. Hold it tight across the chest, so that from A to D it PiGJ, is strained tight against you. Roll up the ends
B and C very tight, one in each hand, in the manner shown in fig. 2. The reason it is held tight across the chest is to keep it plain at E; otherwise it would curl up to the top. Now bring the points B and C together (fig. 2). Bend over the point
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
17
A and shape the twisted pieces so as to giv^e the appearance of a Swan. Our illustration gives but a rough notion of it, as it is not easy to delineate well on paper, and at the same time show the way of bending it. With a little manipula-
tioii, a very good imitation of a S\v;in may be produced. The centre piece is the head and neck ; tlie twisted portions represent the outline of the breast, body and the legs.
LORGNETTES.
Lorgnettes are very easy indeed, and are a neat design. Fold the serviette in half lengthways. Fold back an inch, or an inch and a half, at the double end.
Fi^-. 1.
and bring it to the centre, in the same way observable in fig. i. Turn it over on the other side and roll both ends, one at a time, to the centre ; taking care to press in with the fingers, as it is rolled, the tendency to bag up; so as to keep it smooth
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The Lorijnettes do not
FIG 2.
outside, and tlie centre band tight. Stand it upright. inclose the bread.
THE PYRAMID.
The Pyramid, provided the napkin is very stiff and fine, is easily made. Double it in half one side within an inch of the other, so that it may be more slender towards the point. Fold it in seven the narrow way, like fig. 3, in the shell. Press these folds down with an iron; then crimp them across with a paper knife, folding it in and out the width of the knife. Lastly, join it round like a pyramid, and stand it upright over the bread. For a bride, or a distinguished guest, slender wreaths of flowers may be placed all round in every crimping.
18
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
THE FLEUR-DE-LYS.
The Fleur-de-Lys should be folded with very stiff damask, a little damp, and fresh ironed; but may be made with a small light damask, without starch, by
FLS.L
using a little pin at the back of the waist, marked C to D in diagram (fig. 5). Rich heavy damask of a large size is always tiresome to fold without starch' although looking whiter, brighter, and handsomer on table. Lay the serviette flat on the table: fold it in half; and in half again, lengthwise; keeping the
Fisr. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
selvages all to the top. Halve it the narrow way, A toB (fig. i). Merely make the crease, and open this last fold again: thus you have the centre marked. Take
the ends E and D, and fold them to the centre: you thus have an oblong, equal to two squares. Turn down the corner E, and you have a resem- blance to fig. 2. Take the point D in that diagram, and bring it to C. Take the point E and turn it under to C, in the way shown in fig. 3. Treat the point F in the same manner. Thus fig. 4 is made. Double fig. 4 in half, flat from A to B. Hold it tight between the thumb and finger at C and D. Take hold of the points at A and pull them out to resemble the petals of a Fleur-de-Lys, like fig. 5. Turn up the corners, E and F, at right angles to stand it upon, pinching the waist well in. If not quite stiff enough to stand alone, after being pinched a moment, place a pin at the back of the waist; but pins are always better avoided.
THE ARCHBISHOPS, OR DOUBLE MITRE.
The Archbishop's, or Double Mitre, is exceedingly pretty, and may be folded from any serviette. First fold the linen in half, and lay it flat on the table. Turn down six inches from the top. Fold down an inch and a half of this at the edge, and fold that over again; the folds forming an outside band like that shown in
Fig. 5.
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
19
fig. I, fiom A to B. Raise the ends A and B in the hand, and form the point C, in fig, 2, allowing the folds of the linen to overlap a little. Smooth it down flat,
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N |
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I' |
Fi-. 1.
-tig- --
without rai>ing or moving it from the table; fold the lower end the same, and bring it up to D E, in fig. 3. Turn the fold D E, down on the right side, and make another point ^vith it like that at C, in fig. 2, but a little lower, so as to show the
top point above it. Lastly,
fold up the lower edge F G
about an inch and a half, to
form the band of the Mitre.
Bring the two ends F and G,
round to the back, to make
the shape of a cap, and in- sert one in the other. If
large enough, fix it over the
dinner roll. If not, set it on
The
Fi-.
the tabic, and place the roll upright in the hollow guest.
THE BREAD BASKET.
Fold the serviette four times lengthways way observed in fig. I. Make C,
the three standing folds A across the centre, the middle one to project, C and D to bend inwards. This makes
front should face the
Turn down the corners in the
D
a hill or ridge in the centre.
Fold back each corner at the
dotted lines F and C. Now
B hold it erect like fig. 2. Pinch
-"?• 2« it up together in a flat line.
Make a circle of it by bringing the ends together and inserting B in A. Place it
round the bread.
20
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
THE FLOWER BASKET.
Take a very stiff square of damask, and fold it exactly in half. Open and /^ ^ fold in half the reverse way. The centre is now ascertained,
"old all the corners very exactly to the centre. Iron them
B
Eg.l. ^"""^irr . Fig. 3.
down; turn over, and again turn the corners to the centre. Turn the serviette over again and take each corner from the centre, and fold it back at the half. Then crease it from A to B (fig. i), open the crease, and fold it again from C to D. Take it in the hand and bring the crease A to C, and C to B, and so all round. This will enable you to make it stand. Hold the apex between the
fingers of one hand and square out the four sides. This makes it resemble fig. 2, and completes it. A few flowers should be arranged in the compartments. For variety the corners may be left upright, like fig. 3. By reversing it, as shown in fig. 4, a different design is obtained.
THE IMPERIAL CROWN.
The Imperial Crown requires very stiff damask — an exact square is best, — and either a very small serviette, or a very large one folded in four, to reduce it to a quarter its size. Lay it flat on the table: fold the end, A B, over to the dotted line in the centre, C D. Do the same the other side, bringing E F to C D. Then place the end, A B, in three folds, as for a fan, the whole length of the d a m a s k, a n d
FIG.I.
F1&.2.
crease them down, making the folds exactly use the piece between A B, and the
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
21
fold at p- h. Then fold the end, E F, to matcli. Theh brin<j^ the folded ends, A B, to the centre, y, crossing the Tolded part of one over the other where they meet. The serviette will now look like fig. 2, Turn the fold, E F, to the back and fold down. Next bring the corner E, by the dotted line K L, completely across, like fig. 3; the end N is to be level with the end E. The end N
is then to be crossed over to match^
and the end of the band inserted
in the folds of the other, so as to
hold firmly together. Put the hand
inside and shape it. When set
over the dinner roll it will stand
firm. It should be a full-sized roll
The front of the hat should face
the guest. If the carte de inemc is
not too large, it may be placed in
FIG.3.
FIG.4-
the plaited fold at N, before crossing the ends over
THE DOUBLE HORN OF PLENTY.
This requires a stiff serviette, damp and fresh ironed. It may, however, be
|
c |
A 3 ^X^ |
Fig-^- Fig. 2.
made from a limp one, if a small pin is inserted at each side, after the last fold.
Lay the serviette flat on the table; fold in four lengthwise, keeping all the sel- vages one way. Turn the two ends to meet in the centre. Turn that over, -and turn down two corners not at the selvage edge, at the lines A to B, and C to D. Turn it over and it will resemble fig. i. Take the end C, and roll it over to D (see fig. 2). Bring A to B in the same manner, and complete the design. It is most suitable for a Christmas dinner party, when it may be filled with holly or any bright flowers; or one space mav
be filled with holly and the other with grapes, almonds, raisins, &c., to represent
plenty (see fig. 3). Pinch the horns down and hold them a minute, to make them
preserve their shape.
THE COLONNE DE TRIOMPHE.
This is difficult to fold, although it may be done with a soft damask. Starch is, however, an improvement. The secret of success depends entirely on rolling it r-rrv lightly. Lay the serviette flat on the table. From A to B (fig. i ), fold
Fig. 3.
23 APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
down about six inches, if it is a large serviette. After trying the fold once, by
FlGil.
nG.2.
reference to the illustration, it Avill be seen if the proportion is properly kept. The one which we have just folded ourselves, as a model, stands fifteen inches
FIC.3.
Fl6.-f.
high, eleven for the shaft of the column, and it is very erect and firm, although
mad6 of limp damask. Fold the damask in half from C to
D (fig. i), to ascertain the half. In the left hand nip up the
corner E, as shown in the illustration ; the centre C and the
corner G in the same way, like fig. 2, shaping them into
laurel .leaves. Then pleat down the serviette, holding the
top still in the hand, in the way described in fig. 3. Next
take the end H (fig. 2), that is, the left hand lower corner,
jind pass it completely round the serviette to the right,
bringing the selvage tight round from A to B in fig. 3. Lay
it on the table, holding the neck at E grasped in the hand,
at first; and tucking down and keeping tight the folds from
C to D (fig. 4), whilst rolling over the end E to F, as tightly
as possible, umbrella wise; pressing it on the table as you
roll it up, to keep it firm. Fasten the end with a little pin.
Then firmly tuck in the odd corners at the base, in the way
half a pound of sugar or an ounce of almonds are turned
in. Twine a wreath of flowers around it. The artificial wreaths of small roses
or holly, sold at the grocers', are pretty for the purpose. Set it upright, and with
a little manipulation it will sit firm in the plate.
FJG»5,
THE TULIP.
The Tulip requires a very stiff material. The folds are verv simple, but require nicety of fingering and pressure with a hot iron. Bring all the corners
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
to the centre, as for the Crown. Bring the corners down to the centre again and again; in all five times. Press it well. Finish all the serviettes to be folded
so far, and then recommence with the first by turning down all the corners one by one, to form the Tulip petals, which should hang down iii long points, like a dog's ears. Place the Tulip on a glass.
THE BRIDAL SERVIETTE.
The Bridal Serviette is almost identical with the Pyramid, and is so called
because it is a favorite for wedding breakfasts. At the top it is to be decorated with a few flowers. For
Fi6.l. FIG:2.
the bride, stephanotis, white roses, or any white flowers available, mixed with a little orange blossom. For the other guests, scarlet flowers. The serviette must be vei-y stiff and damp from fresh iron- ing. Lay it on the table flat. Fold it not in half, but within an inch and a half of the top (see fig. i). Take the corners A and B, and fold them to C and D again, within an inch and a half of the last fold, and like the last fold flat and straight across. This produces fig. 2. Again take the ends E and F and fold over to G and H, within an inch and a half of the last fold. This will probably about halve the remaining piece; but that will depend on the size of the serviette. Then fold it the narrow way, backwards and for- wards, as for a fan, nine times, creasing it firmly down. Opening it as little as possible, turn down all the tops of the folds in the way noticed in fig. 3, beginning at the top of the three tiers. Then join it round, fixing the first fold over the last, and pinch it together at the top.
FiG.3.
24
APPENDIX TO THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK.
THE PRINCE OF WALES'S FEATHER.
The Prince of Wales's Feather is a perfectly new design, invented especially for the present work. It is simple in effect and xery handsome in appearance. It requires a very stiff crisp serviette. Lay the damask on the table, ironing it
Fie.K B
FIG. 2. »
2 in the Crown, from A
to B, usinii the hot iron to
damp. Fold it from fij crease it. Without disturbing this fold, crease in half again the reverse way, from C to D, thus reducing the size to a quarter. Smooth it Avith the iron. Next fold this in half diagonally, like fig. 4 in the Crown. Observe fig. 4, in the
FIG.^: ^ nQ.5 3 pg^^^B
illustrations on the present page, carefully. Fold it in half from A to B, using the iron; this will produce fig. 2. Make the fold C to B, on one side only, in the manner shown in fig. 3. Then fold it back again at the dotted line D, and it will resemble fig. 4. Fold the other side to match, always using the iron to press every fold. Open it and it w^ill resemble fig. 5, with the folds A, C, D. Make the folds, E, as shown in fig. 5, taking care not to flatten the other ,fo ds, leaving the serviette
only just open enough to
make the folds, E, each side.
It now resembles fig. 6.
Bring the last two folds
quite flat and inside C antl
D, and it will resemble fig. 7.
Treat the other side the
same, and then fold it in
half in the middle. A, and it
will resemble fig. 8. Now
alloAv it to open a little and
hold it by the apex, B, fig. 9.
Keep it very much indented in the centre (A to B); bring the wings or side feathers rather forward, and curl over the three tips of the feathers by bending them with the fingers. Place it upright in a wine glass or a slender single flower glass in the same manner as the Fan is olaced. Fig. 10 shows the Prince of Wales's Feather complete.
Roa
FiG.9, a
HOTEL COOK BOOKS.
No. I. -"THE AMERICAN PASTRY COOK."
(FOURTH EDITION.)
:PI^Io:K!, i^ostie^^iid, ss.oo.
EMBRACES THE FOLLOWING: PART FIRST— The Hotel Book of Fine Pastries, Ices, Pies, Patties, Cakes, Creams, Custards,
Charlottes, Jellies and Sweet Entrements in Variety. PART SECOND— The Hotel Book of Puddings, Souffles and Mering-ues. A handy Collection of Valuable Recipes, original, selected and perfected for use in Hotels and Eating Houses of every Grade. PART THIRD— The Hotel Book of Breads and Cakes; French, Vienna, Parker House, and other Kolls, Muffins, Waffles, Tea Cakes; Stock Yeast and P'eruient; Yeast raised Cakes, etc., etc., as made in the best hotels. PART FOURTH— The Hotel Book of Salads and Cold Dishes, Salad Dressings, with and without oil; Salads of all kinds, how to make and how to serve them; Boned Fowls, Galantines, Aspics, etc., etc. The above parts are all comprised in the "American Pastry Cook," together with a large amount of valuable miscellaneous culinary matter.
No. 2." HOTEL MEAT COOKING."
(FOURTH EDITION.)
EMBRACES THE FOLLOWIN(;: PART FIRST— The Hotel, Fish and Oyster Book; Showing all the best methods of Cooking Oysters
and Fish, for Restaurant and Hotel Service, together with the appropriate Sauces and
Vegetables. PART SECOND— How to Cut Meats, and Roast, Boil and Broil. The entire trade of the Hotel
Meat Cutter, Roaster and Broiler, including " Short Orders," Omelets, etc. PART TH I RD—'l"he Hotel Books of Soups and Entrees, comprising specimens of French, English,
and American Menus, witn translations and comments. Showing how to make up
Hotel Bills of Fare, with all the different varieties of Soups and Consommes in proper
rotation, and a new set of entrees or " made dishes" for every dav. PART FOURTH— Creole Cookery and Winter Resort Specialties. PART FIFTH— Cooks' Scrap Book— A Collection of Culinary Stories, Poems, Stray Recipes, etc., etc.
Index of French Terms, an explanation and translation of all the French terms used in
the Book, alphabetically arranged.
£^* The above parts are all comprised in "Hotel Meat Cooking," together vfWh. a large and varied selection of matter pertaining to this part of the culinary art.
No. 3.-"WHITEHEAD'S FAMILY COOK BOOK."
:PI^Io:K!, iposti^^^izd, si. so.
A PROFESSIONAL COOK'S BOOK FOR HOUSEHOLD USE.
Consisting of a series of Moius for every-day meals, and for private entertainments, with minute instructions for makinsf every article named.
The Recipes in all these books are properly headed, numbered and indexed, for nandy reference.
The author of this series of Hotel Cook Books is a professional Cook of Thirty Years' experience, and every recipe has been tried and practically proved.
The above books will be sent postpaid on receipt of price: " American Pastry Cook," $2.00; "Hotel Meat Cooking," $2.00; "Family Cook Book," $1.50. All three will be sent to one address on receipt of $5.00. Address all orders to
OFFICE WITH
JelliSujt Whitehead,
Pttblisher of Hotel Cook Boohs,
183 North Peoria Street,
JOHN ANDERSON & CO.,
Booksellers and Publishers. CHICAGO, ILL.
nsro. 4.
The Famous California Book of COOKING, STEWARDING, CATERING, and HOTEL KEEPING, called
Cooking for Profit
AND EIGHT WEEKS AT A SUMMER RESORT.
Two Books in One. About 400 Pages.
A Remarkable Volume which shows how Money is made by Boarding People and What it
Costs to Live Well.
pa
Je/^/^u)i Whitehead^
For Sale at the Offices of all the Hotel Newspapers and Summer and Winter Resort Journals, and by the Author and Publisher,
183—187 North Peoria St., CHICAGO, ILL.
oo:N"TEivrTS.
PART FIRST — Some Articles for the Show Case. The Lunch Counter. Restaurant Breakfasts, Lunches and Dinners. Hotel Breakfasts, Dinners and Suppers. Oyster and Fish House Dishes. The Ice Cream Saloon. Fine Bakery Lunch. Quaker Dairy Lunch. Confectionery Goods, Homen.ade Beers, etc.
PART SECOND— Eight Weeks at a Summer Resort. A Diary. Our daily Bill of Fare and ivltat it costs. A Party Supper for Fortj' Cents per Plate. The Art of Charging Enough. A School Commencement Supper. Question of How Many Fires. Seven Fires for fifty persons vs. one Fire for fifty. The Round of Beef for Steak. A Meat Block and Utensils. Bill of Groceries. A Month's Supply for a Sumtner Boarding House^ xvifh Prices. A Refrigerator Wanted. About keeping- Provisions; Restaurant Patterns. A Good Hotel Refrigerator. Cost of Ice to supply it. Shall we have a Bill of Fare.'' Reasons %vny : a Blank Form. Is Fish Cheaper than Meat.'' Trouble with the Coffee. How to Scrub the Kitchen. Trouble Avith Steam Chest and Vegetables. Trouble with the Oatmeal. Building a House with Bread Crusts. Puddings without Eggs. A A Pastry and Store Room Necessary. A Board on a Barrel. First Bill of Fare. Trouble with Sour Meats. Trouble with the Ice Cream. The Landlord's Birthday Supper. Sho-ving hoiv rich and fancy Cakes rvere 7nade and iced and orjiamented zvithout using Fggs. The Landlady's Birthday Supper. Trouble in Planning Dinners, Trouble with Captain Johnson. Trouble in Serving Meals. Trouble with the Manager. Breakfasts and Suppers for Six Cents per Plate. Hotel Dinners for Ten Cents per Plate. Hotel Dinners for Seventeen Cents per Plate. Supper for Forty for Eight Cents per Plate. Breakfast for Forty for Nine Cents per Plate. An Expensive Wedding Breakfast, for the Colonel and the Banker^ s Daughter. Four Thousand Meals. Review. Groceries for 4,000. Meat, Fish and Poultry for 4,000. Flour, Sugar and Coffee for 4,000. Butter and Eggs for 4,000. Potatoes, Fresh Vegetables and Fruits for 4,000. Canned Fruits and Vegetables for 4,000. Milk and Cream for 4,000. Total Cost of Provisions for 4,000. How to Save Twenty Dollars per Week. How Much we Eat. How Much we Drink. How Much to Serve. Work and Wages. Laundry Work. Fuel, Light and Ice. Total Cost of Board. How Much Profit.' How Many Cooks to How Manj' People.' Boarding the Employees. Boarding Children. Meals for Ten or Fiften Cents. Country Board at Five Dollars. If — a Bundle of Suppositions. Keeping Clean Side Towels. How Many Fires — Again. A Proposal to Rent for next Season. Conclusion.
THE CONTENTS ALSO INCLUDE:
One Hundred Different Bills of Fare, of Actiral Meals, all with New Dishes; the Amount and the Cost per Head.
Eleven Hundred Recipes. All live matter that every Cook needs — both by Weight and by Cup and Spoon Measure.
A Dictionary of Cookery, Comprised in the Explanations of Terms and General Information con- tained in the Directions.
Artistic Cookery. Instructions in Ornamentation, with Illustrations, and Notes on the London Cookery Exhibition of 1S85.
It is thoroughly analytical, practical, readable, and the first book of the principles of the systematic hotel-keeping.
PRICE $3.00. Address the Publisher, or any Hotel Paper.
Preface to Whitehead's No. 4 Cooking for Profit.
Ittls uook is in many respects a continu- ation of the preceding volumes in the series, it fulfills the designs that were intended but not finished before, more particularly in the second part which deals with the cost of keeping up a table. It is not an argument either for or against high prices, but it embodies in print for the first time the methods of close-cutting management which a million of successful boarding- house and hotel-keepers are already prac- tising, in order that another million who are not successful may learn, if they will, wherein their competitors have the advant- age. At the time when the following in- troduction was written, which was about four years before the finish, I was just setting out, while indulging a rambling propensity, to find out why it was that my hotel books which were proving admirably adapted to the use of the ten hotels of a resort town were voted "too rich for the blood" of the four hundred boarding-houses ; also, it was a question how so many of these houses running at low prices are enabled CO make money as easily as the hotels which have a much larger income. At the .same time some statistician published a statement that attracted attention showing that the vast majority of the people of this land have to live on an income of less than fifty cents a day. At the same time also an English author published a little book, which, however, I have not seen and did not need, with the title of "How to live on sixpence a day," (twelve cents) which was presumptive evidence that it could be done. In quest of information on these points I went around considerably and found a good many "Mrs. Tingees" who were not keep- ing boarding-houses, and I honor them for the surpassing skill that makes the fifty cents a day do such wonders ; but the right vein was not struck until the opportunity occurred to do both the buying and using of provisions from the very first meal in a Summer Boarding House,
In reference to unfinished work I take the liberty here of saying that the bills of fare in this book with the quantities and proportions and relative cost from the con- tinuation and complete illustration of an article entitled "The Art of Catering" in Hotel Meat Cooking. Knowing how much to cook, how much to c))argf=^, hovr to pre-
vent waste ana an sucli questions ra^R^»J there are carried out to an answer in these pages. In regard to the use of French name*, for dishes it is necessary that a statement should be made. A great reform has taken place in the last ten years in the con. position of hotel bills of fare, and the subject matter of these books having been widely diffused by publication in the hotel news- papers, has undoubtedly had much to do with tlie improvement that is now observ- able. My own design was, however, to ex- plain French terms, give their origin and proper spelling, and to that end I had a mass of anecdotes, historical mention and other such material collected to make the explanations interesting. As a preliminary, I began exposing the absurdities com- mitted by ignorant cooks and others trying to write French, and before this had pro- ceeded far the newspapers took up and advocated the idea that French terms should be abolished altogether. If that was to be the way the knot of misspelling and mis- naming dishes was to be cut, there was no use for my dictionary work and the mate- rial was thrown away; I followed the new path and it proves a plain and sensible one. At the same time there is an aspect of the subject which cooks seeking situations perceive and editors of newspapers may never think of, and that is that there are many employers whom the reform has not reached who will pay a hundred dollars for a cook who can give his dishes imposing foreign names more willingly than fifty dollars to a better cook who can only write United States. First class hotels which have all the good things that come to market avoid French terms. They that have turkey and lamb, chicken, peas and asparagus, oysters and turtle and cream want them shown up in the plainest read- ing; to cover them up with French names would be injudicious; but if we have but the same beef and mutton every day, the aid that a few ornamental terms can give is not to be despised. First of all it is requisite that those who use such terms should know what they are intended it, in- dicate and how they should be spelled and then ihey can be taken or left according to the intelligeni judgment of those co^ cerned J. W
WHITEHEAD'S
Professional Cookery Books.
No. 1.— THE AMERICAN PASTRY COOK. A
book of perfected Receipts, for makinsf all sorts of articles required of the Hotel Pastry Cook, Baker and Confectioner. Seventh edi- tion. Cloth, $2.00.
No. 2.-H0TEL MEAT COOKING. Comprising Hotel and Restaurant Fish and Oyster Cook- ing. How to Cut Meats, and Soups, Entrees and Bills of Fare. Sixth edition. Cloth $2.00.
No. 3.-WHITEHEAD'S FAMILY COOK BOOK. High-class cookery for families and party- givers, including Book of Breads and Cake's. Fourth edition.' Cloth, $1.50.
No. 4.— COOKING FOR PROFIT and Eight Weeks at a Summer Resort. A new American Cook Book adnpted for the useof all who serv'e meals for a price. Third edition. Cloth, $3.00.
No. 5.-THE STEWARD'S HANDBOOK and Guide to Party Catering, Stewarding, Bills of Fare, and a Dictionary of Dhhes and Culinary Terms and Specialties. Cloth, $3.0a
^?VHITEHEAD'S NE"W BOOK,
NUMBER 5,
The STEWARD'S Handbook
AND GUIDE TO PARTY CATERING.
BY JESSUP WHITEHEAD.
PRICE, POSTPAID, $3.00.
EMBRACES THE FOLLOWING:
PART FIRST— HOTEL STE WARDING. Showing the Internal Workings of the Ameiican System of Hotel Keeping. The Steward's Duties in Detail, and in Relation to Other Heads of Departments. Steward's Storekeeping, Steward's Bookkeeping, and Management of Help. Also, Composition of Bills of Fare, the Reasons Why, and Np:/ierous Illus- trative Menus of Meals on the American Plan.
PART SECOND — RESTAURANT STEWARDING. Co.nprising a Survey of Various Styles of Restaurants and their Methods, Club Stewarding and Catering, Public Party Catering, Ball Suppers, Base Ball Lunches, Hotel Banquets, etc.; How to Prepare and How to Serve Them, with Numer- ous Pattern Bills of Fare Carried Out to Quantities, Cost and Price per Head.
PART THIRD — COMPRISING CATERING FOR PRIVATE PARTIES. A
Guide to Party Catering. Wedding Breakfasts, Fantasies of Party Givers, Model Small Menus, and Noteworthy Suppers, with Prices Charged. Also, Catering on a Grand Scale. Original and Selected Examples of Mammoth Catering Operations, Showing the Systems Followed by the Largest Catering Establishments in the World. Also, a Disquisition on Head Waiters and their Troops.
PART FOURTH— WHITEHEAD'S DICTIONARY OF DISHES, Culinary Terms and Various Information Pertaining to the Steward's Depart- ment, being the Essence of all Cook Books, Telling in Brief what all Dishes and Sauces are or what they should Look Like. What Materials are Ne.eded for and what They are. How to Use to Advantage all Sorts of Abundant Provisions, or How to Keep Them. Compi-ising, also, a Valuable Collection of Restaurant Specialties, Distinctive National Cookery, Remarks on Adulterations, and How to Detect Them, Treat- ment and Service of Wine, and a Fund of Curious and Useful Informa- tion in Dictionary Form, for Stewards, Caterers, Chefs, Bakers, and all Hotel and Restaurant Keepers.
PART FIFTH — HOW TO FOLD NAPKINS. Abundantly Illustrated wi^h many -Handsome Styles and Diagrams which Show how It is Done. Address all Orders to
yes sup Whitehead & Co.,
PUBLI&HERS OF HOTEL COOK BOOKS,
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^(^L 7 1933